What we have just described are relatively specific situations. But there are other issues that may not necessarily cause pain or disability, yet are very important to consider as they are risk factors for injury, namely:

Balance – Running is a predominantly linear sport, meaning it is done mostly in a straight line, even in trail running. For this reason, and contrary to what one might think, runners usually have poor balance. This increases the likelihood of injury when the running surface changes and when fatigue sets in, and it is a major risk factor for ankle sprains, among other problems.

Muscle Density – Just because runners are usually lean does not mean they lack muscle. Quite the opposite. They do have muscle, and it is very resistant. This makes strength training highly advisable in order to improve muscle constitution. A muscle may be big but not dense. A better-constituted muscle will withstand the impact energy of each stride much more effectively.

Posture – It is important to be aware of how your body is positioned while running, as it directly influences your running mechanics. One of the most common characteristics is forward head posture, also known as “head-chasing”, which gives the impression that we are “chasing” our own head. Try lifting your head and perhaps avoid leaning your torso too far forward while running.

In general, listen to your body. Stretch properly at the end of your runs, give yourself proper rest, and sleep well. Stay well hydrated throughout the day (not just right before and after running), and avoid overtraining.